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eeven73 PityDaFool Who Posts This Much


Joined: 16 Jan 2003 Posts: 5377 City: Halfway
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Posted: May 06, 2014 8:09 am Post subject: But, but, but, it's Peer-Reviewed. |
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| Quote: | As it turns out, Dr. Keys visited Crete during an unrepresentative period of extreme hardship after World War II. Furthermore, he made the mistake of measuring the islanders' diet partly during Lent, when they were forgoing meat and cheese. Dr. Keys therefore undercounted their consumption of saturated fat. Also, due to problems with the surveys, he ended up relying on data from just a few dozen men—far from the representative sample of 655 that he had initially selected. These flaws weren't revealed until much later, in a 2002 paper by scientists investigating the work on Crete—but by then, the misimpression left by his erroneous data had become international dogma.
In 1961, Dr. Keys sealed saturated fat's fate by landing a position on the nutrition committee of the American Heart Association, whose dietary guidelines are considered the gold standard. Although the committee had originally been skeptical of his hypothesis, it issued, in that year, the country's first-ever guidelines targeting saturated fats. The U.S. Department of Agriculture followed in 1980.
Other studies ensued. A half-dozen large, important trials pitted a diet high in vegetable oil—usually corn or soybean, but not olive oil—against one with more animal fats. But these trials, mainly from the 1970s, also had serious methodological problems. Some didn't control for smoking, for instance, or allowed men to wander in and out of the research group over the course of the experiment. The results were unreliable at best.
But there was no turning back: Too much institutional energy and research money had already been spent trying to prove Dr. Keys's hypothesis. A bias in its favor had grown so strong that the idea just started to seem like common sense. As Harvard nutrition professor Mark Hegsted said in 1977, after successfully persuading the U.S. Senate to recommend Dr. Keys's diet for the entire nation, the question wasn't whether Americans should change their diets, but why not? Important benefits could be expected, he argued. And the risks? "None can be identified," he said.
In fact, even back then, other scientists were warning about the diet's potential unintended consequences. Today, we are dealing with the reality that these have come to pass.
One consequence is that in cutting back on fats, we are now eating a lot more carbohydrates—at least 25% more since the early 1970s. Consumption of saturated fat, meanwhile, has dropped by 11%, according to the best available government data. Translation: Instead of meat, eggs and cheese, we're eating more pasta, grains, fruit and starchy vegetables such as potatoes. Even seemingly healthy low-fat foods, such as yogurt, are stealth carb-delivery systems, since removing the fat often requires the addition of fillers to make up for lost texture—and these are usually carbohydrate-based. |
| Quote: | We've also known since the 1940s that when heated, vegetable oils create oxidation products that, in experiments on animals, lead to cirrhosis of the liver and early death. For these reasons, some midcentury chemists warned against the consumption of these oils, but their concerns were allayed by a chemical fix: Oils could be rendered more stable through a process called hydrogenation, which used a catalyst to turn them from oils into solids.
From the 1950s on, these hardened oils became the backbone of the entire food industry, used in cakes, cookies, chips, breads, frostings, fillings, and frozen and fried food. Unfortunately, hydrogenation also produced trans fats, which since the 1970s have been suspected of interfering with basic cellular functioning and were recently condemned by the Food and Drug Administration for their ability to raise our levels of "bad" LDL cholesterol.
Yet paradoxically, the drive to get rid of trans fats has led some restaurants and food manufacturers to return to using regular liquid oils—with the same long-standing oxidation problems. These dangers are especially acute in restaurant fryers, where the oils are heated to high temperatures over long periods. |
Google " WSJ Animal Fat" for entire article.
Very damning review of how the "science" can be perverted. _________________ Is President Obama a Keynesian? |
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jryoung Ladies Man


Joined: 19 Mar 2004 Posts: 7664 City: Man Jose
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Posted: May 06, 2014 8:55 am Post subject: |
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<-- this is my shocked face.
The worst part of all this is not that science can be tainted, that should be evident. But that once entrenched it is incredibly difficult to remove or change generally accepted theory. Apply this to ANY industry. _________________
| Quote: | | You don't meet many old vegans. It's mostly young priviliged kids trying to figure out where they stand in the world. | - Steve Rinella |
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goofyboy Wakeboarder.com Freak


Joined: 19 Jul 2004 Posts: 4463 City: Houston
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Posted: May 06, 2014 9:08 am Post subject: |
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It's really pretty simple: eat real food (nothing processed) with as few chemicals as possible. I say as few chemicals as possible, because there are chemicals in our rain water that falls on the plants / vegitation. _________________ Work SUX! |
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eeven73 PityDaFool Who Posts This Much


Joined: 16 Jan 2003 Posts: 5377 City: Halfway
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Posted: May 06, 2014 9:35 am Post subject: |
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goofyboy,
My point isn't to debate diet. It is jryoungs post in regard to how easily science is perverted and used as a tool to fit the needs of a group, then how hard it is to reverse scientific "consensus". Apply this to Climate Change, Economic Theory, Social Engineering, ......... _________________ Is President Obama a Keynesian? |
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jryoung Ladies Man


Joined: 19 Mar 2004 Posts: 7664 City: Man Jose
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Posted: May 06, 2014 10:14 am Post subject: |
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The interesting caveat here is that in this example almost seems to be a perfect storm where the key researcher obtained a unique position of power and was backed by industry.
The beauty of science is that it may not always be right, or it could be negatively influenced, but we will always question and hope to prove what is correct. _________________
| Quote: | | You don't meet many old vegans. It's mostly young priviliged kids trying to figure out where they stand in the world. | - Steve Rinella |
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eeven73 PityDaFool Who Posts This Much


Joined: 16 Jan 2003 Posts: 5377 City: Halfway
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Posted: May 06, 2014 10:39 am Post subject: |
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| Quote: | | The beauty of science is that it may not always be right, or it could be negatively influenced, but we will always question and hope to prove what is correct. |
I agree wholeheartedly in principal. Enter humans and all our bullshizz into the equation and it goes sideways fast. _________________ Is President Obama a Keynesian? |
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goofyboy Wakeboarder.com Freak


Joined: 19 Jul 2004 Posts: 4463 City: Houston
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Posted: May 06, 2014 11:12 am Post subject: |
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I hope this isn't a shock to anyone. We have been using "science" for years to justify things. _________________ Work SUX! |
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Chad H PityDaFool Who Posts This Much

Joined: 28 Jun 2004 Posts: 6449 City: Atlanta
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Posted: May 06, 2014 12:34 pm Post subject: |
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| The key to science is to be objective when reading these articles. One thing we learned over and over throughout my education is to read a paper, and read the data,and then find out who funded the research. Normally, you can easily find out if the research was done in a way that was objective to obtain accurate results. It's very easy to skew statistics in order to satisfy your hypothesis, and while most of the time the reviewers will catch these things, sometimes it doesn't happen. Most of the well cited papers are accepted as good quality theory because they have been read by many objective viewers who agree with the methods and statistics presented. |
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jason_ssr Wakeboarder.com Freak


Joined: 13 Jan 2003 Posts: 4054 City: Dallas, Tx
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Posted: May 06, 2014 4:14 pm Post subject: |
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This is why I hate the bastardization of the word "theory". It used to mean theory, as in an interpretation of data resulting in a possible answer. Now its a placeholder for fact. The science world is always shocked to find out they were wrong because the theoretical nature of these interpretations is lost in the desperation to provide certainty.
The science community has taken the stance that their theories\studies are absolutely certain fact....until they are not, but then reserve the right to amend their certainty at any time. This makes all their opinions suspect.
When science provides a theory, by its nature it should be assumed to be uncertain. This realized uncertainty should be what pushes the next guy to research, until certainty is achieved. We should not simply accept the first guys guess as certainty. _________________ TONA
My avatar is NOT a pic of me! HAHA! |
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